Physiological Aspects of Swimming Training

Physiological aspects of training in rowing.

At the start of a rowing race, the boat is accelerated and the force on the oars reaches between 1000 and 1500 N. During the race, the speed is maintained at a lower level with a peak rowing force of 500-700 N for 210-230 strokes for about 6.5 min. Rowers are adapted to this effort by a large muscle mass and high metabolic capacities. The muscles of successful rowers demonstrate 70%-85% slow-tw...

Physiological Aspects of Refereeing Performance and Training

The football referee is charged with the responsibility for implementing the laws of the game. To undertake this role effectively the referee and the two assistant referees must strive to keep up with play. Referees routinely cover 11 km during a game with match activities placing high demands upon both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. Assistant referees cover approximately 7 km, with mode...

Physiological Adaptations to Training in Competitive Swimming: A Systematic Review

The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize longitudinal studies on swimming physiology and get implications for daily practice. A computerized search of databases according to the PRISMA statement was employed. Studies were screened for eligibility on inclusion criteria: (i) present two testing points; (ii) on swimming physiology; (iii) using adult elite swimmers; (iv) no case-studi...

Training the female competitor: physiological aspects of fitness.

Behavioural and physiological aspects of swimming in cercariae of the digenetic trematode, Proterometra macrostoma.

1. Cyclical swimming behaviour of the cercariae of the digenetic trematode, Proterometra macrostoma, involves a highly regular alternating swim-sink sequence. During periods of swimming the cercariae are propelled upward through the water by alternating lateral contractions of the tail. Following each burst of swimming the cercariae passively drift downward. 2. Suction electrode recordings from...